| These
small caudatas are distributed in northern America.
They are known as climbing salamanders. The genus holds
6 species.
Aneides
Baird, 1849
(Type
= Salamandra lugubris Hallowell,
1849)
Anaides Baird, 1849 Lapsus
Autodax Boulenger, 1887
(Type = Salamandra lugubris Hallowell,
1849) |
|
Aneides
aeneus (Cope & Packard, 1881)
Plethodon
aeneus Cope & Packard, 1881 |
Distribution: USA. |
Aneides
ferreus Cope, 1869
Autodax
ferreus (Cope, 1869) |
Distribution: USA. |
Aneides
flavipunctatus (Strauch, 1870)
Anaides
iecanus (Cope, 1883)
Aneides flavipunctatus flavipunctatus
(Strauch, 1870)
Aneides flavipunctatus niger Myers
& Maslin, 1948
Autodax iecanus (Cope, 1883)
Plethodon flavipunctatus Strauch,
1870
Plethodon iëcanus Cope, 1883 |
Distribution:
USA.
|
Aneides
hardii (Taylor, 1941)
Plethodon
hardii Taylor, 1941 |
Distribution: USA. |
Aneides
lugubris (Hallowell, 1849)
Ambystoma
punctulatum Gray, 1850
Autodax lugubris (Hallowell, 1849)
Autodax lugubris farallonensis
Van Denburgh, 1905
Autodax lugubris lugubris (Hallowell,
1849)
Plethodon crassulus Cope, 1886
Salamandra lugubris Hallowell,
1849
Triton tereticauda Eschscholtz,
1833 |
Distribution: Mexico
and USA. |
| Aneides
vagrans Wake & Jackman, 1999
Distribution: Canada
and USA. |
|
|
| Literature |
Baird, S.F. 1849. In: Heck, J.G. Iconographic
Encyclopaedia of Science, Literature and Art., 2: 256-257. |
| Behler,
J.L. & F.W. King. 1979. The Audubon Society Field
Guide to North American Reptiles & Amphibians. Alfred
A. Knopf, New York, 743 pp. |
| Bille,
T. 1999. En introduktion til Méxicos herpetofauna
– 2. del. Halepadder. NHF, 42(1): 2-10. |
|
Bishop, S.C. 1943. Handbook of Salamanders. Combstock
Publ. Co., Ithaca, N.Y., xiv + 555 pp. |
|
Boulenger, G.A. 1887. Description of a new tailed batrachian
from Corea. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5)19(109): 67. |
| Canterbury,
R.A. & T.K. Pauley. 1994. Time of Mating and Egg Deposition
of West Virginia Populations of the Salamander Aneides
aeneus. J. Herpetol., 28(4): 431-434. |
|
Christianson, L. & P.P. Coambs. 1970. The first specimens
of Taricha rivularis and Aneides flavipunctatus
from a cave. Caves and Karst, 12(2): 15-16. |
|
Cope, E.D. 1869. A review of the species of the Plethodontidae
and Desmognathidae. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia,
21: 93-118. |
|
Cope, E.D. 1883. Notes on the geographical distribution
of Batrachia and Reptilia in western North America. Proc.
Acad. nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1883: 10-35. |
|
Cope, E.D. & A.S. Packard, Jr. 1881. The fauna of
Nickajack Cave. Amer. nat., 15(11): 877-882. |
|
Cupp, P.V. 1980. Territoriality in the green salamander,
Aneides aeneus. Copeia, 1980: 463-468. |
|
Davis, T.M. 1991. Natural history and behaviour of the
clouded salamander, Aneides ferreus Cope. Unpubl.
ms. thesis, Univ. Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada. |
| Davis,
T.M. 1997. Non-Disruptive Monitoring of Terrestrial Salamanders
with Artificial Cover Objects on Southern Vancouver Island,
British Columbia. Herpetol. Conserv., 1: 161-174. |
|
Davis, T.M. 2002. An Ethogram of Intraspecific Agonistic
and Display Behavior for the Wandering Salamander, Aneides
vagrans. Herpetologica, 58(3): 371-382. |
| Davis,
T.M. 2002. Microhabitat Use and Movements of the Wandering
Salamander, Aneides vagrans, on Vancouver Island,
British Columbia, Canada. J. Herpetol., 36(4): 699-703. |
|
Douglas, R.B. & D.J. McKone. 1999. Aneides ferreus.
Habitat. Herpetol. Rev., 30(3): 159-160. |
|
Dunn, E.R. 1923. Mutanda herpetologica. Proc. New England
Zool. Club, 8: 39-41. |
|
Dunn, E.R. 1926. The salamanders of the family Plethodontidae.
Smith College 50th Anniversary Publ., Northampton, Massachusetts,
viii + 441 pp. |
|
Dunn, E.R. 1942. An egg cluster of Aneides ferreus.
Copeia, 1942: 52. |
| Elliott,
M.J. & C.D. Camp. 2002. Geographic Distribution. Aneides
aeneus. Herpetol. Rev., 33(3): 217. |
|
Eschscholtz, F. 1883. Zoölogischer Atlas.... G. Reimer,
Berlin, part 5, viii + 28 pp. |
|
Gordon, R.E. 1952. A contribution to the life history
and ecology of the plethodontid salamander Aneides
aeneus (Cope and Packard). Amer. Midl. Nat., 47(3):
666-701. |
| Gordon,
R.E. 1967. Aneides aeneus. Cat. Amer. Amphib.
Rept., 30: 1-2. |
|
Gray, J.E. 1850. Catalogue of the specimens of Amphibia
in the collection of the British Museum. Part II. Batrachia
Gradientia, etc. British Museum, London, 72 pp. |
|
Hallowell, E. 1849. Description of a new species of salamander
from Upper California. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia,
1849(4): 126. |
|
Hilton, W.A. 1945. The skeleton of Aneides. J.
Ent. Zool., 37(2): 43-47. |
|
Hilton, W.A. 1948. Aneides from Oregon. Herpetologica,
4: 117-119. |
|
Hilton, W.A. 1952. The gularis muscle in Aneides and
Hydromantes. Copeia, 1952(4): 282-283. |
|
Jackman, T.R. 1998. Molecular and historical evidence
for the introduction of clouded salamanders (genus Aneides)
to Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, from California.
Can. J. Zool., 76: 1570-1580. |
|
Johnston, R.F. & G.A. Schad. 1959. Natural history
of the salamander Aneides hardii. Univ. Kansas
Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist., 10(8): 573-585. |
|
Juterbock, J.E. 1998. Population sizes of two endangered
Ohio plethodontid salamanders, Green Salamanders and Cave
Salamanders. 49-54 In M. J. Lannoo, (ed.). Status &
Conservation of Midwestern Amphibians. University of Iowa
Press, Iowa City. |
|
Kessel, E.L. & B.B. Kessel. 1942. An egg cluster of
Aneides lugubris lugubris (Hallowell). Wasmann
Collector, 5(2): 71-72. |
| Kühn,
J. 1994. Pleje og opdræt af lungeløse salamandre,
især Aneides aeneus og Aneides lugubris.
NHF, 37(3): 47-48. |
|
Lowe, C.H., Jr. 1950. The systematic status of the salamander
Plethodon hardii, with a discussion of biogeographical
problems in Aneides. Copeia, 1950(2): 92-99.
|
|
Lowe, C.H., Jr. 1950. Speciation and ecology in salamanders
of genus Aneides. Unpubl. Ph.D. dissertation,
Univ. California, Los Angeles, 81 pp. |
| Lynch,
J.F. 1974. Aneides flavipunctatus. Cat. Amer.
Amphib. Rept., 158: 1-2. |
| Lynch,
J.F. 1985. The Feeding Ecology of Aneides flavipunctatus
and Sympatric Plethodontid Salamanders in Northwestern
California. J. Herpetol., 19(3): 328-352. |
| Lynch,
J.F. & D.B. Wake. 1974. Aneides lugubris.
Cat. Amer. Amphib. Rept., 159: 1-2. |
|
Madej, R.F. 1998. Discovery of Green Salamanders in Indiana
and a distributional survey. 55-60 In M. J. Lannoo, (ed.).
Status & Conservation of Midwestern Amphibians. University
of Iowa Press, Iowa City. |
| Mahrdt,
C.R. & B.H. Banta. 1997. Aneides lugubris.
Predation. Herpetol. Rev., 28(2): 81. |
|
McKenzie, D.S. & R.M. Storm. 1970. Patterns of habitat
selection in the clouded salamander, Aneides ferreus
(Cope). Herpetologica, 26: 450-454. |
|
McKenzie, D.S. & R.M. Storm. 1971. ONtogenetic color
patterns of the clouded salamander, Aneides ferreus
(Cope). Herpetologica, 27: 142-147. |
|
Miller, L. 1944. Notes on the eggs and larvae of Aneides
lugubris. Copeia, 1944(4): 224-230. |
|
Myers, G.S. 1929. Notes on the names of the spring peeper,
the carpenter frog, and Aneides aeneus. Copeia,
170: 22-23. |
|
Myers, G.S. & T.P. Maslin. 1948. The California plethodont
salamander Aneides flavipunctatus (Strauch),
with description of a new subspecies and notes on other
western Aneides. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington,
61: 127-138. |
| Pope,
M.H. & R. Highton. 1980. Geographic Genetic Variation
in the Sacramento Mountain Salamander, Aneides hardii.
J. Herpetol., 14(4): 343-346. |
|
Richmond, N.D. 1952. First record of the green salamander
in Pennsylvania, and other range extensions in Pennsylvania,
Virginia and West Virginia. Ann. Carnegie Mus., 32: 313-318. |
|
Ritter, W.E. 1899. On the reproductive habits and development
of the California land salamander, Autodax. Science,
n.s., 311-312. |
|
Ritter, W.E. 1903. Further notes on the habits of Autodax
lugubris. Amer. Nat., 37(444): 883-886. |
|
Ritter, W.E. & L.H. Miller. 1899. A contribution to
the life history of Autodax lugubris Hallow.,
a Californian salamander. Amer. Nat., 33(393): 691-704. |
|
Rosenthal, G.S. 1957. The role of moisture and temperature
in the local distribution of the plethodontid salamander
Aneides lugubris. Univ. California Publ. Zool.,
54(6): 371-420. |
| Rubinoff,
D. 1996. Aneides lugubris. Predation. Herpetol.
Rev., 27(3): 135. |
|
Schad, G.A., R.H. Stewart & F.A. harrington. 1959.
Geographical distribution and variation of the Sacramento
Mountains salamander, Aneides hardii. Can. J.
Zool., 37: 299-303. |
|
Schwartz, A. 1954. The salamander Aneides aeneus in
South Carolina. Copeia, 1954: 296-298. |
|
Schwartz, A. 1955. A clutch of eggs of Aneides hardyi
(Taylor). Herpetologica, 11: 70. |
| Sever,
D.M. 1976. Morphology of the Mental Hedonic Gland Clusters
of Plethodontid Salamanders (Amphibia, Urodela, Plethodontidae).
J. Herpetol., 10(3): 227-239. |
| Staub,
N.L. 1993. Intraspecific Agonistic Behavior of the Salamander
Aneides flavipunctatus (Amphibia: Plethodontidae)
with Comparisons to other Plethodontid Species. Herpetologica,
49(2): 271-282. |
| Staub,
N.L. & R. Anderson. 2001. A Novel Behavior for Urodeles:
Micturition in the Plethodontid Salamander Aneides
lugubris. Herpetol. Rev., 32(3): 158-159. |
|
Storm, R.M. 1947. Eggs and young of Aneides ferreus.
Herpetologica, 4: 60-62. |
|
Storm, R.M. & A.R. Aller. 1947. Food habits of Aneides
ferreus. Herpetologica, 4: 59-60. |
|
Strauch, A. 1870. Revision der Salamandriden-Gattungen
nebst Beschreibung eineger neuen oder weniger bekannten
Arten dieser Familie. Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci., St. Petersburg,
(7)16: 1-109. |
|
Taylor, E.H. 1941. A new plethodont salamander from New
Mexico. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 54: 77-79. |
|
Vaillant, L. 1884. Remarque sur la disposition des corps
vertébraux chex l'Anaides legubris. Bull.
Soc. Philomatique, Paris, (7)8: 183. |
|
Vaillant, L. 1886. Note complémentaire sur l'anatomie
de l'Anaides lugubris Hallowell. Bull. Soc. Philomatique,
(7)10: 42-44. |
|
Van Denburgh, J. 1895. Notes on the habits and distribution
of Autodax iecanus. Proc. California Acad. Sci.,
(2)5: 776-778. |
|
Van Denburgh, J. 1905. The reptiles and amphibians of
the islands of the Pacific Coast of North America from
the Farallones to Cape San Lucas and the Revilla Gigedos.
Proc. California Acad. Sci., (3)4: 1-40. |
|
Wake, D.B. 1963. Comparative osteology of the plethodontid
salamander genus Aneides. J. Morphol., 113(1):
77-118. |
| Wake,
D.B. 1965. Aneides ferreus. Cat. Amer. Amphib.
Rept., 16: 1-2. |
| Wake,
D.B. 1965. Aneides hardii. Cat. Amer. Amphib.
Rept., 17: 1-2. |
| Wake,
D.B. 1974. Aneides. Cat. Amer. Amphib. Rept.,
157: 1-2. |
| Wake,
T.A., D.B. Wake & M.H. Wake. 1983. The Ossification
Sequence of Aneides lugubris, with Comments on
Heterochrony. J. Herpetol., 17(1): 10-22. |
|
Walker, C.F. & W. Goodpaster. 1941. The green salamander,
Aneides aeneus, in Ohio. Copeia, 1941: 178. |
|
Weller, W.H. 1930. Notes on Aneides aeneus, Cope
and Packard. Proc. Junior Soc. Nat. Sci., (Cincinnati),
1(1): 2. |
| Welsh,
H.H., Jr. & R.A. Wilson. 1995. Aneides ferreus.
Reproduction. Herpetol. Rev., 26(4): 196-197. |
| Williams,
S.R. 1978. Comparative Reproduction of the Endemic New
Mexico Plethodontid Salamanders, Plethodon neomexicanus
and Aneides hardii (Amphibia, Urodela, Plethodontidae).
J. Herpetol., 12(4): 471-476. |
|
Zweifel, R.G. 1949. Comparison of food habits of Ensatina
eschscholtzii and Aneides lugubris. Copeia,
1949(4): 285-287. |
|